Catherine the Great, who ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796, is often regarded as one of the quintessential absolute monarchs in history. She expanded the empire significantly, reformed the administration, and modernized the country based on Western European models.
Her reign is characterized by the centralization of power and the belief that the monarch’s authority was divinely ordained. Catherine implemented policies that strengthened her control over the nobility and reduced the power of local governments, asserting her dominance as an absolute ruler. She famously said, ‘I am not a despot, but an absolute monarch,’ illustrating her perception of her role.
Moreover, her successful military campaigns, such as the annexation of Crimea and the successful wars against the Ottoman Empire, demonstrated her power and influence in foreign affairs. Catherine’s emphasis on education and the arts also reflected her vision of an enlightened rule, where she sought to embody the idea that a strong, absolute monarch could lead a nation toward progress.
In conclusion, Catherine the Great was indeed an absolute monarch. Her reign epitomized the principles of absolute monarchy by consolidating power, making impactful reforms, and expanding the empire, all while maintaining the belief that her rule was justified by divine right.