Transcription in eukaryotic cells occurs primarily in the nucleus. During this process, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase.
The nucleus serves as a protective environment that houses the cell’s genetic material. Once transcription is complete, the mRNA undergoes several processing steps, including capping, polyadenylation, and splicing, before it is transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. This is where translation occurs, allowing the mRNA to be used as a template to synthesize proteins.
In summary, the nucleus is crucial for the transcription phase of gene expression in eukaryotic cells, ensuring that the intricate process of converting DNA into functional proteins is properly regulated and executed.