Soda water is a type of solution known as a carbonated solution. It is made by dissolving carbon dioxide gas under pressure in water. This process creates carbonic acid, which gives soda water its slightly tangy taste. The carbon dioxide gas forms bubbles, making the water fizzy.
In scientific terms, soda water is a homogeneous mixture where carbon dioxide is the solute and water is the solvent. The carbon dioxide is evenly distributed throughout the water, creating a uniform solution. This is why soda water looks the same throughout and has consistent taste and texture.
Additionally, soda water can contain other ingredients like sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate, or potassium sulfate, which are added to enhance flavor or adjust the pH level. However, the primary characteristic of soda water is its carbonation, which makes it a popular choice for refreshing beverages and cocktails.