The Andes Mountains were home to several indigenous tribes, but the most well-known and influential were the Inca. The Inca Empire, which flourished from the early 15th century until the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, was centered in the Andes. The Inca civilization was highly advanced, with remarkable achievements in architecture, agriculture, and engineering.
The Inca built extensive road networks, impressive stone structures like Machu Picchu, and developed sophisticated agricultural techniques such as terrace farming. Their society was organized around a centralized government with the Sapa Inca (emperor) at its head.
Other tribes that lived in the Andes include the Quechua and Aymara, who still inhabit the region today. These groups have preserved many of their traditional customs, languages, and ways of life despite centuries of external influence.