The organelle responsible for collecting and disposing of waste in a cell is called the lysosome.
Lysosomes are membrane-bound structures that contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes break down various waste materials and cellular debris, including old organelles, proteins, and lipids. When a cell engulfs unwanted materials through a process called endocytosis, lysosomes fuse with the vesicles containing these materials and initiate the breakdown process.
This process not only helps keep the cell clean by removing harmful substances but also recycles useful components, allowing the cell to reuse valuable molecules. Therefore, lysosomes play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health and function.