The process by which the DNA in a cell makes an exact copy of itself is known as DNA replication.
During DNA replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two single strands. Each strand serves as a template for the formation of a new complementary strand. This is facilitated by enzymes such as DNA polymerase, which add the appropriate nucleotides to form the new strands. As a result, two identical copies of DNA are formed, ensuring that genetic information is accurately passed on during cell division.