The element with atomic number Z = 38 is strontium (Sr). To determine its electron configurations, we start by filling the atomic orbitals according to the Aufbau principle, Hund’s rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle.
Full Electron Configuration
The full electron configuration for strontium is:
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s²
Orbital Box Diagram
The orbital box diagram represents the distribution of the electrons in their respective orbitals:
1s: ↑↓
2s: ↑↓
2p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
3s: ↑↓
3p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4s: ↑↓
3d: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
4p: ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
5s: ↑↓ Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration
The noble gas shorthand configuration uses the nearest noble gas, which is krypton (Kr) for strontium. Thus, the shorthand version is:
[Kr] 5s²
In summary, for the element with atomic number 38:
- Full Electron Configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s²
- Orbital Box Diagram: as shown above
- Noble Gas Shorthand Configuration: [Kr] 5s²