The Earth’s only liquid layer is the outer core. It lies beneath the solid mantle and above the inner core, which is solid due to the immense pressure at that depth.
The outer core is primarily composed of molten iron and nickel, along with other elements. This layer is crucial to the Earth’s magnetic field; the movement of the liquid metal generates electrical currents, which in turn produce magnetic fields. The combination of convection currents and the rotation of the Earth creates a dynamo effect that sustains our planet’s magnetic field.
Understanding the outer core not only sheds light on the Earth’s magnetic properties but also provides insights into the planet’s overall structure and behavior. Its liquid state contrasts with the solid inner core and the surrounding rocky mantle, making it a unique part of our planet’s geology.