A female grizzly bear is commonly referred to as a “sow.” This term is used for female bears of various species, not just grizzlies. Sows typically give birth to 1 to 4 cubs after a gestation period of about 6 to 8 months, and they are known for being very protective of their young. The care that a sow provides is crucial for the survival of the cubs, as they rely on her for nourishment and protection in their early months of life.