Primates are a diverse group of mammals that include humans, apes, monkeys, and prosimians. They are generally divided into two major groups: Strepsirrhini and Haplorhini.
1. Strepsirrhini
Strepsirrhini, also known as prosimians, are the more primitive group of primates. They include lemurs, lorises, and galagos. These primates are characterized by their wet noses, which are similar to those of dogs and cats. They are mostly found in Madagascar, Africa, and parts of Asia.
2. Haplorhini
Haplorhini, or “dry-nosed” primates, include tarsiers, monkeys, apes, and humans. This group is further divided into two subgroups:
a. Tarsiers
Tarsiers are small primates found in Southeast Asia. They have large eyes and are known for their ability to leap long distances.
b. Anthropoidea
Anthropoidea includes monkeys, apes, and humans. This group is characterized by their larger brains and more complex social structures. Monkeys are divided into New World monkeys (found in Central and South America) and Old World monkeys (found in Africa and Asia). Apes, including gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, and humans, are known for their lack of tails and more advanced cognitive abilities.
Understanding these major groups helps in studying the evolutionary relationships and behaviors of primates.