The word ‘father’ is generally considered a common noun, as it refers to a person in a general sense — a male parent. For example, in the sentence ‘My father is a great cook,’ ‘father’ is not specific to one individual but rather describes the role of a male parent.
However, ‘Father’ can be a proper noun when it is used as a title or when it is part of a name. For instance, when referring to God in a religious context, one might say ‘Father, I come to you in prayer,’ where ‘Father’ is capitalized because it denotes a specific entity. Similarly, in certain cultures, ‘Father’ can be used as a respectful address for a priest or elder.
In summary, ‘father’ is a common noun in most contexts, but it can become a proper noun when it denotes a specific person or title, particularly in formal or religious situations.