A solution with a pH of 10 is considered basic (or alkaline). The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate alkalinity.
In more detail, a pH of 7 means that the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH–) in the solution are equal. When the pH increases above 7, it means that there are fewer H+ ions compared to OH– ions, which characterizes a basic solution. Specifically, at pH 10, the concentration of OH– ions is significantly higher than that of H+ ions, thus indicating that the solution is basic.
As a point of reference, common basic substances include baking soda and household ammonia, which typically have pH values above 7. Therefore, an aqueous solution with pH 10 clearly demonstrates basic properties.