Biochemistry offers compelling evidence for evolution by demonstrating the similarities in molecular structures and processes among different organisms. One key area is the comparison of DNA sequences. All known life forms share a common genetic code, which is a strong indicator of common ancestry. For instance, humans and chimpanzees share about 98% of their DNA, suggesting that they diverged from a common ancestor relatively recently in evolutionary terms.
Additionally, the study of proteins and enzymes reveals that many organisms possess similar proteins, which perform identical functions in different species. The presence of conserved biochemical pathways, such as cellular respiration and photosynthesis, highlights the evolutionary relationships among diverse forms of life.
Moreover, the molecular clock hypothesis uses the mutation rates of biomolecules to estimate the time of divergence between species. This approach supports the evolutionary timeline and provides a framework for understanding how species have evolved over millions of years.
In summary, the biochemical evidence, through DNA and protein comparisons, underscores the shared ancestry of life, providing a robust foundation for the theory of evolution.