Density dependent limiting factors are conditions whose effects on the size or growth of a population depend on the number of individuals in a given area. Here are two examples:
1. Food Availability: As a population increases, the demand for food also rises. When there are more individuals competing for the same food resources, some may not get enough to survive, leading to a decline in the population growth rate. For instance, in a forest, if the number of deer rises significantly, they may overconsume the vegetation, leading to starvation for some members of the population.
2. Disease Spread: In densely populated areas, diseases can spread more easily from one individual to another. The larger the population, the higher the chance that individuals will come into contact with infected members. This can lead to outbreaks that can significantly reduce the population size. For example, in a crowded urban environment, an outbreak of flu can quickly affect a large number of people, leading to increased mortality and a potential decrease in the population.