The correct answer is c. sublimation. In sublimation, a solid transitions directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. This process requires the input of heat energy, which is absorbed by the solid to overcome the intermolecular forces holding the particles together. As a result, the solid transforms into gas, absorbing heat in the process. In contrast, deposition, condensation, and freezing are processes where heat energy is released rather than absorbed.
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