Paul, originally known as Saul of Tarsus, persecuted the early Christian Church for several reasons. First and foremost, he was a devout Jew who believed that the teachings of Jesus and the followers of the Way (early Christians) were a threat to Judaism. Paul thought that the movement was leading people away from the teachings of the Torah and the traditions he held dear.
He was zealous for the Jewish faith and felt a deep responsibility to maintain its purity. This led him to take drastic actions, including arresting and imprisoning Christians. The Book of Acts recounts how he was present at the stoning of Stephen, the first Christian martyr, and was known for breathing threats against the disciples of the Lord.
Moreover, Paul believed he was acting in service to God. He truly thought he was defending his faith and purging what he perceived as heresy. His encounter with Jesus on the road to Damascus was a pivotal moment that transformed his life, turning him from a persecutor of Christians into one of the most influential apostles. This dramatic shift highlights the complexity of his character and the transformative power of faith.