The decline of the Mayan civilization is often attributed to a combination of factors, one of which includes disease. While the exact disease remains a topic of debate among historians and researchers, it is widely accepted that infectious diseases played a significant role in the population decline.
One prominent theory suggests that diseases such as smallpox, introduced by European colonizers, had devastating effects on the Mayan population. These communities had no prior exposure or immunity to such illnesses, which led to high mortality rates and disintegration of social structures.
In addition to smallpox, other diseases like measles and influenza could have also contributed to this catastrophic decline. The combination of warfare, famine, and disease created a perfect storm that ultimately led to the downfall of this great civilization.
In summary, while diseases like smallpox were instrumental factors, the downfall of the Mayans was complex and involved many interrelated elements, including environmental changes and social upheaval.