The epidermis is primarily composed of epithelial tissue, specifically stratified squamous epithelium. This type of tissue consists of multiple layers of cells, which provide a protective barrier against environmental damage, pathogens, and water loss.
The outermost layer of the epidermis is made up of dead, flattened cells that are continuously shed and replaced from the layers beneath. This structure is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the skin and safeguarding the underlying tissues. Additionally, the epidermis contains specialized cells like melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin, contributing to skin color and protection against UV radiation.