Lipids are a diverse group of biological molecules that play important roles in the body. Here are some common examples:
- Fats: These are solid at room temperature and are typically found in animal products, such as butter and lard. They are composed mainly of triglycerides, which consist of glycerol and fatty acids.
- Oils: Unlike fats, oils are liquid at room temperature. They are often derived from plants, such as olive oil and canola oil, and are also high in triglycerides.
- Phospholipids: These molecules are a major component of cell membranes. They consist of two fatty acids, a glycerol backbone, and a phosphate group. This unique structure allows them to form bilayers in aqueous environments.
- Steroids: This category includes hormones like cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen. Steroids have a distinct ring-like structure and are important for signaling and structural functions in the body.
- Waxes: These are esters of fatty acids and long-chain alcohols. Waxes serve as protective coatings, such as in the cuticle of plant leaves and in beeswax.
In summary, lipids include fats, oils, phospholipids, steroids, and waxes, each serving unique and essential roles in biological systems.