Chlorine is classified as a nonmetal due to its physical and chemical properties. Nonmetals typically have higher electronegativities, lower melting and boiling points compared to metals, and they often do not conduct electricity. Chlorine, found in group 17 of the periodic table, exhibits these characteristics. It exists as a pale yellow-green gas at room temperature and is highly reactive, readily forming compounds with metals and other nonmetals.
Moreover, chlorine has a tendency to gain electrons in chemical reactions, forming negatively charged ions (anions). This behavior is a distinctive feature of nonmetals. In addition, chlorine does not display the malleability or ductility associated with metals, instead, it can exist as diatomic molecules (Cl2) and forms covalent bonds with other nonmetals. Collectively, these properties reinforce chlorine’s classification as a nonmetal.