Animal cells prefer isotonic solutions because these solutions have the same concentration of solutes as the inside of the cell. This balance prevents any net movement of water into or out of the cell, ensuring that the cell maintains its shape and volume.
In contrast, hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell. When animal cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, water moves into the cell to balance the solute concentration. This influx of water can cause the cell to swell and possibly burst, a process known as cytolysis.
Maintaining proper osmotic conditions is crucial for cell function. In an isotonic environment, animal cells can carry out their physiological processes without the risk of structural damage caused by excessive water intake. This is why isotonic solutions are often used in medical settings, such as intravenous fluids, to ensure cell stability and health.