The correct answer is b) Galileo. Galileo Galilei was known for his experiments and theories regarding motion and gravity. He famously challenged Aristotle’s view that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones.
In fact, Galileo conducted experiments that showed under ideal conditions (ignoring air resistance), both a bowling ball and a feather would fall at the same rate because the force of gravity accelerates all objects equally, regardless of their mass. However, he recognized that in the real world, air resistance affects lighter objects more significantly, which is why a feather falls slower than a bowling ball in our atmosphere.