The riddle of Epicurus, often referred to in discussions of the problem of evil, is traditionally attributed to the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus himself. This riddle questions the existence of an all-powerful, all-knowing, and benevolent deity in the face of evil in the world.
The essence of the riddle is simple yet profound. It posits that if God is willing to prevent evil but not able, then He is not omnipotent. If He is able to prevent evil but not willing, then He is malevolent. Lastly, if God is both able and willing to prevent evil, why does evil exist at all?
This philosophical argument challenges theistic beliefs and has been discussed throughout history by various philosophers and theologians. Despite its origins with Epicurus, it is a topic that continues to provoke thought and debate in contemporary philosophy.