The subatomic particle that has a negative charge is the electron. Electrons are one of the fundamental building blocks of atoms, alongside protons and neutrons. While protons carry a positive charge and neutrons have no charge, electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom and their negative charge balances the positive charge of protons, contributing to the overall stability of the atom.
In an atom, electrons are found in various energy levels or shells, and their arrangement defines the chemical properties of the element. The presence of these negatively charged particles is crucial for the formation of chemical bonds, as they interact with the positively charged nuclei of other atoms. Therefore, understanding electrons and their negative charge is essential in the study of chemistry and physics.