Which of the following elements have 5 valence electrons: A) V B) F C) P D) As?

To determine which elements have 5 valence electrons, we should first look at their positions in the periodic table.

A) Vanadium (V) is a transition metal found in group 5. It actually has 5 valence electrons, since it has an atomic number of 23 and its electron configuration ends in 3d³4s², totaling 5.

B) Fluorine (F), on the other hand, is in group 17 and has 7 valence electrons. Its electron configuration ends in 2p⁵, indicating it doesn’t meet our criteria.

C) Phosphorus (P) is in group 15, which has 5 valence electrons. Its electron configuration is 3s²3p³.

D) Arsenic (As) is also in group 15 and has 5 valence electrons, with an electron configuration ending in 4s²4p³.

In summary, the elements with 5 valence electrons are: A) V, C) P, and D) As.