The description that best describes an induced fit is:
- a. the process by which an active site alters shape such that it is ready to accept a substrate
Induced fit refers to the mechanism by which enzymes adjust their shape upon substrate binding. When a substrate approaches an enzyme’s active site, the site changes shape to fit the substrate more snugly. This alteration ensures a more effective interaction between the enzyme and substrate, enhancing the enzyme’s catalytic activity. On the other hand, option b suggests that the substrate changes conformation before binding, which does not accurately capture the essence of the induced fit model. Instead, it emphasizes the enzyme’s adaptability rather than the substrate’s preparation.