During the late 19th century and into the early 20th century, the nation that controlled the most land in Africa was Great Britain. The British Empire claimed vast territories across the continent, with significant holdings in regions that are now Sudan, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and Nigeria, among others.
In particular, the British gained control over large areas through a combination of colonization, treaties, and military conquest. The idea of the ‘Scramble for Africa’ saw various European powers vying for dominance, but Britain emerged as one of the most powerful colonizers by securing key territories and establishing a vast network of colonies.
By the height of imperialism, the British Empire held the largest empire in history, extending to various continents, including Africa, and at the turn of the 20th century, it had substantial influence over the African landscape. This dominance brought significant changes to the political and social structures within the continent, many of which are still felt today.