In eukaryotic cells, the organelles primarily responsible for energy production are the mitochondria.
Mitochondria, often referred to as the “powerhouses” of the cell, convert nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through a process called cellular respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose and oxygen to produce ATP, which serves as the energy currency for various cellular activities.
Moreover, in plant cells, chloroplasts also play a significant role in energy production. Through photosynthesis, chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. This glucose can then be utilized by the mitochondria to generate ATP, especially when light is not available.
In summary, while mitochondria are the main organelles for energy production in eukaryotic cells, chloroplasts in plant cells contribute to this process by harnessing solar energy.