The reaction between baking soda and vinegar is classified as an acid-base reaction.
Baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), is a base, while vinegar contains acetic acid (CH₃COOH), which is an acid. When these two substances are combined, they react to neutralize each other. This process produces carbon dioxide gas (CO₂), water (H₂O), and sodium acetate (CH₃COONa).
The release of carbon dioxide gas is what creates the fizzing and bubbling that you see during the reaction. This reaction is commonly used in baking and various science experiments to demonstrate chemical reactions in a visually engaging way.