The word ‘any’ primarily functions as a determiner and a pronoun in English.
As a determiner, ‘any’ is used to refer to an indefinite quantity or to express a lack of restriction. For example, in the sentence, ‘Do you have any questions?’, ‘any’ suggests that there’s no limit to the kind of questions being asked.
As a pronoun, ‘any’ can stand alone in sentences like ‘If you see any, let me know,’ where it replaces a noun but still keeps the indefinite sense of meaning.
In summary, ‘any’ plays a versatile role in language, providing flexibility in expressing conditions or quantities without being specific.