A peptide bond is formed through a dehydration synthesis reaction, also known as a condensation reaction. This process occurs when the amino group of one amino acid reacts with the carboxyl group of another amino acid, releasing a molecule of water in the process.
During this reaction, the amine group (-NH2) of one amino acid combines with the carboxylic acid group (-COOH) of another amino acid, resulting in the formation of a covalent bond that links the two amino acids together. This bond is the peptide bond, which is essential in forming proteins by linking multiple amino acids in a chain.
In summary, peptide bonds are formed through dehydration synthesis, where water is removed as the amino acids join together, creating the foundation for protein structure.