In medieval times, peasants were the backbone of the economy, performing a variety of jobs that were essential for the survival and functioning of their communities. Here are some of the key roles they played:
- Farming: The majority of peasants were farmers. They worked the land, growing crops such as wheat, barley, oats, and vegetables. They also raised livestock like cows, sheep, and pigs.
- Blacksmithing: Some peasants were skilled blacksmiths. They created and repaired tools, weapons, and other metal items needed for daily life.
- Carpentry: Carpenters among the peasants built and maintained buildings, furniture, and tools. Their work was crucial for constructing homes, barns, and other structures.
- Weaving and Spinning: Many peasant women were involved in weaving and spinning. They produced cloth and garments for their families and sometimes for trade.
- Milling: Peasants who worked in mills ground grain into flour, which was a staple food item. This was often done using water or wind-powered mills.
- Animal Husbandry: Peasants took care of animals, ensuring they were fed, healthy, and bred. This included tasks like milking cows, shearing sheep, and tending to poultry.
- Laborers: Some peasants worked as general laborers, performing tasks such as digging ditches, building roads, and other manual labor required by the lord of the manor.
These jobs were often hard and labor-intensive, but they were vital for the sustenance and development of medieval society. Peasants’ work supported not only their own families but also the nobility and the church, who relied on their labor for their wealth and power.