The outer core of the Earth is in a liquid state. It is primarily composed of molten iron and nickel, along with smaller amounts of other elements. This liquid layer lies beneath the solid mantle and above the inner core.
The outer core’s temperature ranges from about 4,000 to 6,000 degrees Celsius and exerts tremendous pressure. At these high temperatures and pressures, the iron remains molten, unlike the inner core, which is solid due to even greater pressures. The movement of the liquid outer core is responsible for generating the Earth’s magnetic field through the dynamo effect, where the movement of conductive fluids creates electric currents.