The setting of The Three Musketeers is primarily in France during the 17th century, specifically in the 1620s. The story takes place during the reign of King Louis XIII and is set against the backdrop of political intrigue and power struggles between the monarchy, the Catholic Church, and various noble factions.
Key locations include Paris, where much of the action unfolds, and the royal court. The novel also features scenes in other parts of France, such as the countryside and smaller towns, as the characters travel and engage in various adventures. The historical context of the novel is marked by the conflict between the French monarchy and the Huguenots, as well as the influence of Cardinal Richelieu, who plays a significant role in the plot.