The organelle that holds the cell’s DNA and controls cell activities is called the nucleus. The nucleus is often referred to as the control center of the cell because it regulates gene expression and mediates the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.
Inside the nucleus, the DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes. These chromosomes contain the genetic information necessary for the development, functioning, and reproduction of the organism. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane known as the nuclear envelope, which has pores that allow the passage of molecules in and out of the nucleus.
In addition to storing DNA, the nucleus contains a dense region called the nucleolus, where ribosome synthesis occurs. Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, which is a critical function for cell growth and maintenance.
Overall, the nucleus plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the cell’s genetic material and ensuring that cellular activities are carried out efficiently.