The compound HNO3 is commonly known as nitric acid.
Nitric acid is a strong acid often used in various industrial processes, including the production of fertilizers, explosives, and in the manufacture of plastics and dyes. It is a highly corrosive substance that can cause burns upon contact with skin.
The name ‘nitric acid’ comes from its nitrogen content (from the ‘nitro’ part) and its acidic nature. When dissolved in water, nitric acid forms nitrate ions (NO3-) and hydrogen ions (H+), contributing to its strong acidic characteristics. Additionally, nitric acid is a colorless liquid that can sometimes appear yellowish due to the presence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) when it decomposes.