What is the maximum capacity of d orbital? Explain.

The maximum capacity of a d orbital is 10 electrons. This is because each d orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and there are a total of 5 d orbitals in a given d subshell.

To break it down further, the d subshell consists of five different orbitals, which are typically designated as d_xy, d_yz, d_zx, d_x²-y², and d_z². Each of these orbitals can accommodate up to 2 electrons, which gives us a total capacity of:

5 orbitals × 2 electrons/orbital = 10 electrons.

This filling of electrons follows the Pauli exclusion principle, which states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. The arrangement of these 10 electrons in the d subshell is crucial for understanding the chemical properties of transition metals and their electronic configurations.