What is the major product of the reaction between 1-butanol and Na2Cr2O7, H2SO4, and H2O?

The major product of the reaction between 1-butanol and the combination of sodium dichromate (Na₂Cr₂O₇), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), and water (H₂O) is butanoic acid.

This reaction involves the oxidation of 1-butanol, which is a primary alcohol. In the presence of Na₂Cr₂O₇ and H₂SO₄, the alcohol undergoes oxidation to form butanal as an intermediate, and further oxidation leads to the formation of butanoic acid.

To summarize, the oxidation process results in the conversion of the alcohol functional group (-OH) to a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH), thus making butanoic acid the major product of this reaction.