The Earth’s average surface temperature is approximately 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit).
This average is derived from a range of temperature measurements taken across the globe, which includes both land and ocean temperatures. The variability in these measurements is influenced by several factors such as geographic location, altitude, and seasonal changes. For instance, temperatures are typically warmer near the equator and cooler at the poles.
Over the past century, scientists have observed a trend of rising temperatures, which is largely attributed to human activities that increase greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. This ongoing change poses significant challenges for the environment and climate systems worldwide.