Yeast is classified primarily as a type of fungus. Within the kingdom Fungi, yeasts are further categorized into various groups depending on their characteristics and biological processes.
Yeasts belong to the phylum Ascomycota, known for their ascospores, which are a type of spore produced in a sac-like structure called an ascus. The most commonly studied yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a member of this group and is widely used in baking, brewing, and winemaking.
Additionally, yeasts can be classified into different classes, orders, families, and genera based on genetic, morphological, and physiological traits. For instance, another important group of yeasts belongs to the phylum Basidiomycota, which includes some species used in fermentation as well.
In summary, yeast classification encompasses a variety of fungi, primarily within the Ascomycota phylum, and is further divided into different taxonomic levels based on distinct features and functions.