A beta particle is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay of an atomic nucleus. The charge of a beta particle depends on its type:
- Beta-minus (β⁻) particle: This is an electron and has a negative charge of -1 elementary charge.
- Beta-plus (β⁺) particle: This is a positron and has a positive charge of +1 elementary charge.
In summary, the charge of a beta particle can be either -1 or +1, depending on whether it is an electron or a positron.