Ornamentation refers to the decorative embellishments added to music, art, or architecture that enhance or adorn the main element. A classic example of ornamentation in music is the use of trills, grace notes, or mordents. For instance, in a piano piece, a trill consists of rapidly alternating between two adjacent notes, adding a lively flourished effect to the melody.
In visual arts, think of the intricate patterns and motifs found in Gothic architecture, such as the detailed carvings on cathedrals. These embellishments serve not only to beautify the structure but also to convey symbolic meanings relevant to the culture and time period.
Overall, ornamentation enriches the primary subject, making it visually or audibly more engaging and complex, while bringing a deeper layer of expression to the work.