A turgid cell is a plant cell that is filled with water, resulting in a state of rigidity and firmness. This occurs when water enters the cell through osmosis, causing the central vacuole to expand and push the cell membrane against the cell wall. The buildup of pressure within the cell, known as turgor pressure, is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of the plant.
Turgidity is essential for many plant functions, including growth and nutrient transport. When a plant cell is turgid, it supports the overall structure of the plant, making leaves and stems stand upright and aiding in photosynthesis by maximizing light exposure. Conversely, when a cell loses water, it becomes flaccid, leading to wilting and decreased plant vitality.