The hormone produced by the pituitary gland, which is the endocrine gland located below the brain, is primarily growth hormone (GH). This hormone plays a crucial role in growth, metabolism, and overall body composition.
The pituitary gland is often referred to as the ‘master gland’ because it regulates the function of many other endocrine glands. Located at the base of the brain, it secretes various hormones that influence numerous physiological processes. Growth hormone, specifically, stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals. Its secretion is vital during childhood and adolescence, but it also has important functions in adults, including fat metabolism and maintaining muscle mass.
Additionally, the pituitary gland produces other key hormones such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and prolactin, further influencing body functions. Thus, the role of the pituitary gland and its hormones is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being.