Heat energy is absorbed during the process of melting. In this phase change, a solid substance absorbs heat, which causes its particles to gain kinetic energy and transition into a liquid state.
During deposition, heat is released rather than absorbed. This process involves a gas turning directly into a solid, releasing energy in the form of heat.
In the case of condensation, heat is also released when a gas turns into a liquid. Here, the gas particles lose energy and come closer together, thereby forming liquid.
Freezing, like condensation and deposition, also releases heat. As a liquid cools, it loses energy, causing the particles to come together and form a solid.
Thus, among the processes listed, melting is the one that specifically involves the absorption of heat energy.