The enzyme you are referring to is carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the regulation of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ions in various physiological processes.
Carbonic anhydrase facilitates the reversible reaction between carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). This reaction is essential for maintaining acid-base balance in the body and is particularly significant in the respiratory system, where it helps transport carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs for exhalation.
The ability of carbonic anhydrase to catalyze this reaction in both directions is vital. When carbon dioxide levels are high, the reaction moves toward the formation of carbonic acid, which can subsequently dissociate into bicarbonate (HCO3–) and hydrogen ions (H+). Conversely, when bicarbonate is present, the reaction can shift back, facilitating the release of carbon dioxide, which is crucial for respiration.
In summary, carbonic anhydrase is a key enzyme that enables the rapid conversion between carbon dioxide and carbonic acid, helping to regulate pH levels in the body and playing an important role in various physiological processes.