The stigma is a crucial part of a flower’s reproductive system. It is located at the top of the pistil, which is the female reproductive structure of the flower. The primary function of the stigma is to catch and hold the pollen grains that are transferred from the male part of the flower (the anther) or from other flowers. This is an essential step for fertilization to occur.
Once the pollen lands on the stigma, it germinates, sending a pollen tube down through the style to reach the ovary, where fertilization will take place. The shape and texture of the stigma can vary greatly among different species of flowers, often adapted to attract specific pollinators. In essence, the stigma plays a vital role by ensuring that pollen can effectively reach the ovules, leading to seed development and the continuation of plant species.