Semiconductors typically fall under the category of b) metalloids. Metalloids are elements that have properties intermediate between metals and nonmetals, and semiconductors have electrical conductivity that is between that of conductors (like metals) and insulators (like nonmetals).
These materials, such as silicon and germanium, play a crucial role in the electronics industry. Their ability to conduct electricity can be manipulated by adding impurities, a process known as doping, which makes them essential for making various electronic components like transistors, diodes, and solar cells.