The biome with the least biodiversity is often considered to be the tundra. This expansive, cold biome is characterized by its short growing seasons and limited vegetation. The harsh climate, with its low temperatures and permafrost, restricts the types of plants and animals that can survive there.
In the tundra, you will typically find a limited variety of flora, such as mosses, lichens, and a few hardy shrubs. Animal life is also sparse, with only a few species such as caribou, arctic foxes, and various migratory birds adapting to the environment. Because of these extreme conditions, the overall number of species—both plant and animal—is relatively low. Additionally, the tundra’s productivity is minimal, leading to fewer ecological interactions and complexities, which contribute to its lower biodiversity when compared to other biomes like tropical rainforests or coral reefs.