Epic poetry has a rich tradition and can primarily be divided into two major types: classical epics and folk epics.
Classical Epics: These are often attributed to specific authors, with the most renowned examples being Homer’s The Iliad and The Odyssey. Classical epics are written in a formal style, using elevated language and literary devices such as invocations to the muse. They typically follow a heroic protagonist’s journey and delve into themes of fate, honor, and the struggle between good and evil.
Folk Epics: Unlike their classical counterparts, folk epics arise from oral traditions and were shared through storytelling before being transcribed. They are generally communal works, reflecting the values, beliefs, and history of a culture. An example of a folk epic is the Beowulf, which showcases the hero’s battles against monsters and symbolizes the culture’s ideals of bravery and loyalty.
In summary, the two major types of epic poetry—classical and folk—represent distinct origins and styles, yet both serve to communicate profound human experiences and values through their narratives.